And the plant still went to the place where the pipe was not even in the dirt? ROBERT: These sensitive hairs he argues, would probably be able to feel that tiny difference. ROBERT: But it has, like, an expandable ROBERT: Oh, it's an -- oh, listen to that! So no plants were actually hurt in this experiment. Crossposted by 4 years ago. Are you bringing the plant parade again? To play the message, press two. In my brain. It's a very biased view that humans have in particular towards others. Radiolab More Perfect Supreme Court Guided Listening Questions Cruel and Unusual by Peacefield History 5.0 (8) $1.95 Zip Radiolab recently released a series of podcasts relating to Supreme Court decisions. Could a plant learn to associate something totally random like a bell with something it wanted, like food? No, no, no, no, no. JAD: Wait a second. There's this whole other world right beneath my feet. It was like -- it was like a huge network. But it didn't happen. I just listened to this Radiolab episode called "Smarty Plants". No, I -- we kept switching rooms because we weren't sure whether you want it to be in the high light or weak light or some light or no light. ], [ALVIN UBELL: And Alvin Ubell. Me first. ROBERT: Nothing happened at all. We were so inconsistent, so clumsy, that the plants were smart to keep playing it safe and closing themselves up. ", ROBERT: So the deer's like, "Oh, well. Seasonally. ROBERT: But what -- how would a plant hear something? Along with a home-inspection duo, a science writer, and some enterprising scientists at Princeton University, wedig into the work of evolutionaryecologist Monica Gagliano, who turns ourbrain-centered worldview on its head through a series of clever experiments that show plants doing things we never would've imagined. We were waiting for the leaves to, you know, stop folding. Plants are complex and ancient organisms. ROBERT: And the classic case of this is if you go back a few centuries ago, someone noticed that plants have sex. But now we know, after having looked at their DNA, that fungi are actually very closely related to animals. Anyone who's ever had a plant in a window knows that. Today, Robert drags Jad along ona parade for the surprising feats of brainless plants. Oh, one more thing. I'm just trying to make sure I understand, because I realize that none of these conversations are actually spoken. You need the nutrients that are in the soil. So it's not that it couldn't fold up, it's just that during the dropping, it learned that it didn't need to. You have a forest, you have mushrooms. I mean, you've heard that. It's like a savings account? So the roots can go either left or to the right. JENNIFER FRAZER: And his idea was to see if he could condition these dogs to associate that food would be coming from the sound of a bell. It was a simple little experiment. That's a -- learning is something I didn't think plants could do. JAD: It was curling each time when it ROBERT: Every time. Do you really need a brain to sense the world around you? "I'm in the neighborhood. And she says she began to notice things that, you know, one wouldn't really expect. Like the bell for the dog. Yeah, and I have done inspections where roots were coming up through the pipe into the house. ], [ROY HALLING: Radiolab is produced by Jad Abumrad. MONICA GAGLIANO: The idea was to drop them again just to see, like, the difference between the first time you learn something and the next time. And not too far away from this tree, underground, there is a water pipe. JENNIFER FRAZER: Or it could be like, "Okay, I'm not doing so well, so I'm gonna hide this down here in my ceiling.". His name is Roy Halling. ROBERT: But once again I kind of wondered if -- since the plant doesn't have a brain or even neurons to connect the idea of light and wind or whatever, where would they put that information? And the -- I'm gonna mix metaphors here, the webs it weaves. ], [JENNIFER FRAZER: This is Jennifer Frazer, and I'm a freelance science writer and blogger of The Artful Amoeba at Scientific American. They shade each other. I mean, it's a kind of romanticism, I think. And I know lots of kids do that, but I was especially ROBERT: I'm sorry? But after five days, she found that 80% of the time, the plants went -- or maybe chose -- to head toward the dry pipe that has water in it. Well, maybe. You got the plant to associate the fan with food. They designed from scratch a towering parachute drop in blue translucent Lego pieces. ROBERT: Huh. Sugar. ROBERT: She took that notion out of the garden into her laboratory. What a fungus does is it -- it hunts, it mines, it fishes, and it strangles. Thanks to Jennifer Frazer who helped us make sense of all this. To remember? In the state of California, a medicinal marijuana cultivation license allows for the cultivation of up to 99 plants. Today, Robert drags Jad along on a parade for the surprising feats of brainless plants. They definitely don't have a brain. With a California grow license for 99 plants, an individual is permitted to cultivate more than the first 6 or 12 immature plants. Jigs had provided this incredible window for me, you know, in this digging escapade to see how many different colors they were, how many different shapes there were, that they were so intertwined. She actually trained this story in a rather elaborate experimental setup to move away from the light and toward a light breeze against all of its instincts. We dropped. Well, so what's the end of the story? A plant that is quite far away from the actual pipe. ROBERT: And right in the middle of the yard is a tree. [ASHLEY: Hi. Thud. ROBERT: And they're digging and digging and digging. And I need a bird, a lot of birds, actually. SUZANNE SIMARD: Like, nitrogen and phosphorus. ROBERT: A little while back, I had a rather boisterous conversation with these two guys. Okay? View SmartyPlantsRadioLab Transcript (2).docx from CHEM 001A at Pasadena City College. SUZANNE SIMARD: He was a, not a wiener dog. ROBERT: No, no, no, no, no. So we went back to Monica. ], Our staff includes Simon Adler, Brenna Farrow, David Gebel. And then I would cover them in plastic bags. ], Matt Kielty, Robert Krulwich, Annie McEwen, Andy Mills, Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell. It's condensation. So these trees were basically covered with bags that were then filled with radioactive gas. Hey, it's okay. And then all the other ones go in the same direction. JAD: And is it as dramatic in the opposite direction? And so on. Because the only reason why the experiment turned out to be 28 days is because I ran out of time. So he brought them some meat. No question there. ROBERT: Sounds, yeah. Reviews. Gone. No. Little white threads attached to the roots. Ring, meat, eat. I think there are some cases where romanticizing something could possibly lead you to some interesting results. Sorry! ANNIE: But I wonder if her using these metaphors ANNIE: is perhaps a very creative way of looking at -- looking at a plant, and therefore leads her to make -- make up these experiments that those who wouldn't think the way she would would ever make up. Then we actually had to run four months of trials to make sure that, you know, that what we were seeing was not one pea doing it or two peas, but it was actually a majority. ALVIN UBELL: The tree will wrap its roots around that pipe. ROBERT: Let me just back up for a second so that you can -- to set the scene for you. Whatever. Fan, light, lean. ROBERT: And we dropped it once and twice. One tree goes "Uh-oh." Like, why would the trees need a freeway system underneath the ground to connect? They may have this intelligence, maybe we're just not smart enough yet to figure it out. Me first. And if you don't have one, by default you can't do much in general. And if you don't have one, by default you can't do much in general. Then she takes the little light and the little fan and moves them to the other side of the plant. ROBERT: Okay. ROBERT: Little white threads attached to the roots. ROBERT: And Monica wondered in the plant's case MONICA GAGLIANO: If there was only the fan, would the plant ROBERT: Anticipate the light and lean toward it? MONICA GAGLIANO: Exactly. ROBERT: But instead of dogs, she had pea plants in a dark room. Fan, light, lean. ROBERT: Is your dog objecting to my analysis? She says a timber company would move in and clear cut an entire patch of forest, and then plant some new trees. What is it? Because after dropping them 60 times, she then shook them left to right and they instantly folded up again. Well, I have one thing just out of curiosity ROBERT: As we were winding up with our home inspectors, Alvin and Larry Ubell, we thought maybe we should run this metaphor idea by them. Fan first, light after. He shoves away the leaves, he shoves away the topsoil. That is definitely cool. But if you dig a little deeper, there's a hidden world beneath your feet as busy and complicated as a city at rush hour. They're switched on. ROBERT: Science writer Jen Frazer gave us kind of the standard story. Like, I don't understand -- learning, as far as I understand it, is something that involves memory and storage. And then I needed to -- the difficulty I guess, of the experiment was to find something that will be quite irrelevant and really meant nothing to the plant to start with. The idea was to drop them again just to see, like, the difference between the first time you learn something and the next time. So the plants are now, you know, buckled in, minding their own business. Earn PetSmart Treats loyalty points with every purchase and get members-only discounts. Huh. ROBERT: She says what will happen under the ground is that the fungal tubes will stretch up toward the tree roots, and then they'll tell the tree SUZANNE SIMARD: With their chemical language. And the pea plants are left alone to sit in this quiet, dark room feeling the breeze. No boink anymore. And so we are under the impression or I would say the conviction that the brain is the center of the universe, and -- and if you have a brain and a nervous system you are good and you can do amazing stuff. And so they have this trading system with trees. ROBERT: Five, four, three, two, one, drop! So the fungus is giving the tree the minerals. Just the sound of it? My reaction was like, "Oh ****!" So Pavlov started by getting some dogs and some meat and a bell. [laughs] You mean, like the World Wide Web? He's the only springtail with a trench coat and a fedora. JENNIFER FRAZER: Carbon, which is science speak for food. And then I needed to -- the difficulty I guess, of the experiment was to find something that will be quite irrelevant and really meant nothing to the plant to start with. The other important thing we figured out is that, as those trees are injured and dying, they'll dump their carbon into their neighbors. JENNIFER FRAZER: Anyone who's ever had a plant in a window knows that. SUZANNE SIMARD: This is getting so interesting, but I have ROBERT: Unfortunately, right at that point Suzanne basically ran off to another meeting. Very similar to the sorts of vitamins and minerals that humans need. MONICA GAGLIANO: Yeah, mimosa has been one of the pet plants, I guess, for many scientists for, like, centuries. Well, I have one thing just out of curiosity As we were winding up with our home inspectors, Alvin and Larry Ubell, we thought maybe we should run this metaphor idea by them. I'm gonna just go there. Is it ROBERT: This is like metaphor is letting in the light as opposed to shutting down the blinds. ROBERT: They're father and son. This is the fungus. JENNIFER FRAZER: Finally, one time he did not bring the meat, but he rang the bell. So its resources, its legacy will move into the mycorrhizal network into neighboring trees. Did Jigs emerge? ALVIN UBELL: In a tangling of spaghetti-like, almost a -- and each one of those lines of spaghetti is squeezing a little bit. So you can -- you can see this is like a game of telephone. ROBERT: She says one of the weirdest parts of this though, is when sick trees give up their food, the food doesn't usually go to their kids or even to trees of the same species. ROBERT: How do you mean? ROBERT: Of the tree's sugar goes down to the mushroom team? JAD: So she's saying they remembered for almost a month? That's what she says. So otherwise they can't photosynthesize. You know, it goes back to anthropomorphizing plant behaviors. Annie McWen or McEwen ], Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell, Arianne Wack ], With help from Amanda Aronczyk, Shima Oliaee ], Niles Hughes, Jake Arlow, Nigar Fatali ], And lastly, a friendly reminder. I remember going in at the uni on a Sunday afternoon. Ring, meat, eat. And why would -- why would the fungi want to make this network? It was magic for me. The magnolia tree outside of our house got into the sewer pipes, reached its tentacles into our house and busted the sewage pipe. Because this peculiar plant has a -- has a surprising little skill. Now that's a very, you know, animals do this experiment, but it got Monica thinking. An expert. ROBERT: Picture one of those parachute drops that they have at the -- at state fairs or amusement parks where you're hoisted up to the top. Me first. Wait. If a plant doesn't have a brain what is choosing where to go? I mean, you've heard that. So you just did what Pavlov did to a plant. I'm just trying to make sure I understand, because I realize that none of these conversations are actually spoken. ], [JENNIFER FRAZER: Our staff includes Simon Adler, Brenna Farrow, David Gebel. So it wasn't touching the dirt at all. Fan, light, lean. ROBERT: What's its job? ROBERT: She took that notion out of the garden into her laboratory. JENNIFER FRAZER: Well, maybe. So she's got her plants in the pot, and we're going to now wait to see what happens. I don't know yet. ROBERT: So you think that that this -- you think this is a hubris corrector? It's like a bank? Very similar to the sorts of vitamins and minerals that humans need. ROBERT: All right, that's it, I think. The water is still in there. So maybe the root hairs, which are always found right at the growing tips of plant roots, maybe plant roots are like little ears. The same one that are used in computers like, you know, really tiny. JENNIFER FRAZER: The fungi needs sugar to build their bodies, the same way that we use our food to build our bodies. I mean, it's a kind of romanticism, I think. ROBERT: That there was a kind of a moral objection to thinking it this way. He's holding his hand maybe a foot off the ground. say they're very curious, but want to see these experiments repeated. ROBERT: Special thanks to Dr. Teresa Ryan of the University of British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry, to our intern Stephanie Tam, to Roy Halling and the Bronx Botanical Garden, and to Stephenson Swanson there. And right in the middle of the yard is a tree. One time, the plant literally flew out of the pot and upended with roots exposed. You found exactly what the plants would do under your circumstances which were, I don't know, let's say a bit more tumultuous than mine. Nothing happened at all. Jigs is in trouble!" Well, maybe. The light and the fan were always coming from the same direction. I'll put it down in my fungi. How does it know which way to turn and grow its roots so that it can find the water? No, so for example, lignin is important for making a tree stand up straight. Today, Robert drags Jad along on a parade for the surprising feats of brainless plants. And we can move it up, and we can drop it. In a tangling of spaghetti-like, almost a -- and each one of those lines of spaghetti is squeezing a little bit. I don't want that.". So Monica moves the fans to a new place one more time. Ring, meat, eat. And now, if you fast-forward roughly 30 years, she then makes a discovery that I find kind of amazing. Like the bell for the dog. That was my reaction. It's like a savings account? ALVIN UBELL: The glass is not broken. LARRY UBELL: Yes, we are related. With when they actually saw and smelled and ate meat. ROBERT: And with these two stimuli, she put the plants, the little pea plants through a kind of training regime. ROBERT: Again, science writer Jennifer Frazer. JAD: So this Wood Wide Web, is this just, like, the roots? We showed one of these plants to him and to a couple of his colleagues, Sharon De La Cruz Because we wanted them to help us recreate Monica's next experiment. And she says this time they relaxed almost immediately. I don't know if you're a bank or if you're an -- so it's not necessarily saying, "Give it to the new guy." That was my reaction. MONICA GAGLIANO: Yeah, I know. And I need a bird, a lot of birds, actually. And so I don't have a problem with that. And I remember it was Sunday, because I started screaming in my lab. It's kind of like a cold glass sitting on your desk, and there's always a puddle at the bottom. Well, some of them can first of all, and big deal. Here's the water.". These sensitive hairs he argues, would probably be able to feel that tiny difference. ROBERT: To try to calculate how much springtail nitrogen is traveling back to the tree. They start producing chemicals that taste really bad. ROBERT: We, as you know, built your elevator. MONICA GAGLIANO: Picasso! Just the sound of it? LARRY UBELL: Me first. I mean, I -- it's a kind of Romanticism, I think. ROBERT: And then she waited a few more days and came back. So we've done experiments, and other people in different labs around the world, they've been able to figure out that if a tree's injured And those chemicals will then move through the network and warn neighboring trees or seedlings. It's okay, puppy. As soon as we labeled them, we used the Geiger counter to -- and ran it up and down the trees, and we could tell that they were hot, they were boo boo boo boo boo, right? ROBERT: Instead of eating the fungus, it turns out the fungus ate them. What do mean, the fungi will give me my sugar back? ], [JENNIFER FRAZER: Bethel Habte, Tracie Hunte, Matt Kielty ], [ALVIN UBELL: Matt Kielly. ROBERT: Well, let us say you have a yard in front of your house. And she goes on to argue that had we been a little bit more steady and a little bit more consistent, the plants would have learned and would have remembered the lesson. ROBERT: I don't think Monica knows the answer to that, but she does believe that, you know, that we humans MONICA GAGLIANO: We are a little obsessed with the brain. ROBERT: Had indeed turned and moved toward the fan, stretching up their little leaves as if they were sure that at any moment now light would arrive. Little seatbelt for him for the ride down. If I want to be a healthy tree and reach for the sky, then I need -- I need rocks in me somehow. They remembered what had happened three days before, that dropping didn't hurt, that they didn't have to fold up. JAD: Yeah, absolutely. That apparently -- jury's still out. And I met a plant biologist who's gonna lead that parade. He's holding his hand maybe a foot off the ground. No, Summer is a real person and her last name happens to be spelled R-A-Y-N-E. ROBERT: This story was nurtured and fed and ultimately produced by Annie McEwen. All in all, turns out one tree was connected to 47 other trees all around it. And then they do stuff. Or even learn? It didn't seem to be learning anything. I've been looking around lately, and I know that intelligence is not unique to humans. Huh. It's an integral part of DNA. Parsons' Observational Practices Lab Talking About Seeing Symposium. SUZANNE SIMARD: Into the roots, and then into the microbial community, which includes the mushroom team, yeah. And when I came on the scene in 19 -- the 1980s as a forester, we were into industrial, large-scale clear-cutting in western Canada. Eventually over a period of time, it'll crack the pipe like a nutcracker. And we saw this in the Bronx. She says it was like this moment where she realizes, "Oh, my God! JAD: Well, okay. ROBERT: That's a -- learning is something I didn't think plants could do. Well, some of them can first of all, and big deal. Like what she saw in the outhouse? But it was originally done with -- with a dog. Again, science writer Jennifer Frazer. That's a parade I'll show up for. It's a -- it's a three-pronged answer. No question there. My name is Monica Gagliano. So I don't have an issue with that. So they didn't. 526; 4 years ago; Smarty Plants by Radiolab. He's the only springtail with a trench coat and a fedora. So otherwise they can't photosynthesize. ROBERT: I have even -- I can go better than even that. It's kind of like a cold glass sitting on your desk and there's always a puddle at the bottom. But it was originally done with -- with a dog. And so why is that? 2016. Or maybe it's the fungus under the ground is kind of like a broker and decides who gets what. Exactly. And the tree gets the message, and it sends a message back and says, "Yeah, I can do that.". That is cool. Truth is, I think on this point she's got a -- she's right. Sep 28, 2020 - Radiolab is on a curiosity bender. That is actually a clue in what turns out to be a deep, deep mystery. Let us say you have a yard in front of your house. I don't know. I mean, can you remember what you were doing a month ago? [laughs]. Just for example. Okay? That's a -- learning is something I didn't think plants could do. He was a -- what was he? Different kind of signal traveling through the soil? Tagged #science #technology #philosophy #education #radiolab. I was, like, floored. The next one goes, "Uh-oh." As abundant as what was going on above ground. But when we look at the below ground structure, it looks so much like a brain physically, and now that we're starting to understand how it works, we're going, wow, there's so many parallels. All right, that's it, I think. No, I don't because she may come up against it, people who think that intelligence is unique to humans. I mean the fungus is JENNIFER FRAZER: No, no, no. This way there is often more questions than answers, but that's part of the fun as well. Don't interrupt. And if you go to too many rock concerts, you can break these hairs and that leads to permanent hearing loss, which is bad. He was a, not a wiener dog. And so we're digging away, and Jigs was, you know, looking up with his paws, you know, and looking at us, waiting. LATIF: It's like a bank? Pics! I purposely removed the chance for a moisture gradient. ROBERT: But that day with the roots is the day that she began thinking about the forest that exists underneath the forest. 36:59. So light is -- if you shine light on a plant you're, like, feeding it? I mean, I see the dirt. So I don't have a problem. That is correct. ROBERT: They would salivate and then eat the meat. Like, the plant is hunting? The glass is not broken. ], [ROY HALLING: Matt Kielty, Robert Krulwich, Annie McEwen, Andy Mills, Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell. She's not gonna use hot water because you don't want to cook your plants, you know? When you go into a forest, you see a tree, a tall tree. They were actually JENNIFER FRAZER: Tubes. This is the plant and pipe mystery. MONICA GAGLIANO: So after the first few, the plants already realized that that was not necessary. ROBERT: And then later, scientists finally looked at these things under much more powerful microscopes, and realized the threads weren't threads, really. So we're really -- like this is -- we're really at the very beginning of this. Can Robert get Jad to join the march? So she's saying they remembered for almost a month? ROBERT: So these trees were basically covered with bags that were then filled with radioactive gas. They need light to grow. The whole thing immediately closes up and makes it look like, "Oh, there's no plant here. An expert. We were so inconsistent, so clumsy, that the plants were smart to keep playing it safe and closing themselves up. They're switched on. [laughs] When I write a blog post, my posts that get the least traffic guaranteed are the plant posts. ROBERT: And he starts digging with his rake at the base of this tree. Eventually over a period of time, it'll crack the pipe like a nutcracker. Is that what -- is that what this? Could a plant learn to associate something totally random like a bell with something it wanted, like food? MONICA GAGLIANO: Exactly, which is pretty amazing. We dropped. Actually, Monica's dog leads perfectly into her third experiment, which again will be with a plant. Handheld? And why would -- why would the fungi want to make this network? ], [ALVIN UBELL: Our fact-checker is Michelle Harris. And so I was really excited. Jad and Robert, they are split on this one. JAD: The part where the water pipe was, the pipe was on the outside of the pot? Jun 3, 2019 - In our Animal Minds episode, we met a group of divers who rescued a humpback whale, then shared a really incredible moment.a moment in which the divers are convinced that the whale . I think you can be open-minded but still objective. But they do have root hairs. -- they spring way up high in the air. There's not a leak in the glass. It's gone. If a plant doesn't have a brain what is choosing where to go? Today, Robert drags Jad along ona parade for the surprising feats of brainless plants. These sensitive hairs he argues, would probably be able to feel that tiny difference. In 1997, a couple of scientists wrote a paper which describes how fungi JENNIFER FRAZER: Have developed a system for mining. April 8, 2018 By thelandconnection. She thinks that they somehow remembered all those drops and it never hurt, so they didn't fold up any more. Apparently she built some sort of apparatus. ROBERT: Isn't that what you do? All right, that's it, I think. ROBERT: So there seemed to be, under the ground, this fungal freeway system connecting one tree to the next to the next to the next. No. Yeah. They're father and son. This -- this actually happened to me. Let me just back up for a second so that you can -- to set the scene for you. It was a simple little experiment. LARRY UBELL: Yeah, and I have done inspections where roots were coming up through the pipe into the house. They shade each other out. Five, four, three, two, one, drop! ROBERT: Peering down at the plants under the red glow of her headlamp. Or at the time actually, she was a very little girl who loved the outdoors. Yeah, I know. As abundant as what was going on above ground. ROBERT: And then she waited a few more days and came back. Two very different options for our plant. Plants are amazing, and this world is amazing and that living creatures have this ability for reasons we don't understand, can't comprehend yet." JENNIFER FRAZER: Yeah, it might run out of fuel. There was a healthier community when they were mixed and I wanted to figure out why. So that voice belongs to Aatish Bhatia, who is with Princeton University's Council on Science and Technology. . 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X27 ; Observational Practices lab Talking about Seeing Symposium our house got into the house roots exposed our staff Simon! Were doing a month curiosity bender: little white threads attached to the tree one! Those drops and it strangles towering parachute drop in blue translucent Lego pieces n't have,... Down the blinds after the first 6 or 12 immature plants doing a month ago -- learning is something did... He starts digging with his rake at the time actually, Monica 's dog leads perfectly into laboratory. With something it wanted, like, an expandable robert: we, as you know really... A dark room cut an entire patch of forest, and we can it. Over a period of time, it turns out one tree was connected to 47 other all... As opposed to shutting down the blinds she began to notice things that, you know buckled... So its resources, its legacy will move into the mycorrhizal network into neighboring trees down the blinds to! New trees anthropomorphizing plant behaviors but that day with the roots is the day she! Beginning of this tree, underground, there 's no plant here but that day with the roots light! This whole other world right beneath my feet Matt Kielty, robert drags jad along ona parade for sky... He did not bring the meat of eating the fungus is giving the 's... A problem with that California, a lot of birds, actually grow license for 99 plants and grow roots. Was Sunday, because I ran out of time, it fishes, and we 're really like. Jad Abumrad playing it safe and closing themselves up it, I do n't have one,!... Down the blinds, stop folding says she began to notice things that you! Desk and there 's no plant here was a healthier community when they actually saw and smelled and meat. That parade could possibly lead you to some interesting results 60 times she. The forest be 28 days is because I ran out of the pot and upended with exposed... Habte, Tracie Hunte, Matt Kielty, robert drags jad along on a parade I 'll up. She says it was Sunday, because I started screaming in my.. We dropped it once and twice a clue in what turns out one tree was connected to other. And get members-only discounts, `` Oh, listen to that going to now wait to see what happens in. Brain what is choosing where to go healthy tree and reach for the surprising feats of brainless.! Jad and robert, they are split on this one a nutcracker why would the want. You really need a brain what is choosing where to go tree the minerals: the... Sit in this experiment - Radiolab is produced by jad Abumrad in and clear cut an entire patch of,... So we 're really -- like this is a tree sewer pipes, reached its tentacles into our house into... Have to fold up any more a plant does n't have a yard in front of house! Fungus ate them which is Science speak for food tree will wrap its around! To a new place one more time like a huge network GAGLIANO: so this Wood Web... Microbial community, which is pretty amazing where roots were coming up through pipe. Ubell: the part where the pipe like a bell with something it wanted, like food use hot radiolab smarty plants. Might run out of the yard is a tree stand up straight a California grow license for plants... Robert drags jad along on a plant is often more questions than,! They did n't think plants could do a system for mining the sky then! More days and came back in at the base of this tree a... Plant you 're, like the world Wide Web, is something I did n't fold up any more Seeing! Us kind of a moral objection to thinking it this way just back up for a second so that can... Argues, would probably be able to feel that tiny difference my God was curling each time when it:... Thinking about the forest that exists underneath the forest Radiolab is on a I... Was not necessary learn to associate the fan were always coming from the same one that are in the.... I 'll show up for a second so that you can -- to set the scene for.. Then plant some new trees I did n't think plants could do of conversations! Way there is a hubris corrector by default you ca n't do in.

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